Drugs & Medication

Lansoprazole
Systematic (IUPAC) name
2-[(3-methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy) pyridin-2-yl) methylsulfinyl] -1H-benzoimidazole
Identifiers
CAS number	103577-45-3
ATC code	A02BC03
PubChem	3883
DrugBank	APRD00077
Chemical data
Formula	C16H14N3F3OS
Mol. weight	369.363 g/mol
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	80% or more
Metabolism	Hepatic (CYP3A4- and CYP2C19-mediated)
Half life	1 - 1.5 hours
Excretion	Renal and fecal
Therapeutic considerations
Licence data	US
Pregnancy cat.	B3(AU) B(US)
Legal status	℞ Prescription only
Routes	Oral, IV

Lansoprazole (lan-SOE-pra-zole, INN) is a proton pump inhibitor which prevents the stomach from producing acid.

Pharmacology

Lansoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) similar to omeprazole. Lansoprazole's plasma elimination half-life is not proportional to the duration of the drug's effects (i.e. gastric acid suppression). The plasma elimination half-life is 1.5 hours or less, and the effects of the drug last for over 24 hours after it has been used for 5 days or more.

Indications

Lansoprazole is indicated for:

• Treatment of ulcers of the stomach and duodenum, and NSAID-induced ulcers
  Treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) (also known as acid reflux disease)
  Treatment of Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
  Treatment of Barrett's esophagus
  Adjunctive treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection, alongside antibiotics

Contraindications

• Absorption of lansoprazole is reduced by antacids.
• PPI’s reduce absorption of antifungals (itraconazole and ketoconazole) and possibly increase Digoxin in plasma
• Increases plasma concentrations of Cilostazol (risk of toxicity)
• Absorption of lansoprazole possibly reduced by:
  • sucralfate
  • ampicillin
  • bisacodyl
    delavirdine
    fluvoxamine
  • iron salts
  • theophylline
  • voriconazole
    aminophylline and theophylline
    astemizole

Side effects

• Infrequent: dry mouth, insomnia, drowsiness, blurred vision, rash, pruritus
• Rarely and very rarely: taste disturbance, liver dysfunction, peripheral oedema, hypersensitivity reactions (including bronchospasm, urinary, angioedema, anaphylaxis), photosensitivity, fever, sweating, depression, interstitial nephritis, blood disorders (including leukopenia, leukocytosis, pancytopenia, thrombocytopenia), arthralgia, myalgia, skin reactions (including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, bullous eruption)
• Increases the risk of gastric-intestinal infections by reducing gastric acidity.
• Severe: Gastro-intestinal disturbances (such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, flatulence, diarrhea, constipation), headache, dizziness

Brand names

The drug is sold with the following brand names:

• Lansox® (Italy)
• Limpidex® (Italy)
• Prevacid® (U.S. and Canada)
• Takepron® (Japan)
• Zoton® (Italy)

Lansoprazole is also available as a generic drug in Italy.

External links

• Prevacid (manufacturer's website)
• Prevacid Pediatrics (manufacturer's website)
• Prevpac® (manufacturer's website)
• Lansoprazole (patient information)